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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
调研显示：租房群体渐重居住体验****** 中新网上海1月10日电 (记者 陈静)记者10日获悉，《全国重点城市业主出租偏好观察》(下称《观察》)显示，近年来租客群体更关注居住品质，“有服务、有智能、有品质、有空间”的“改善型”需求，已然成为新的租房需求。而城市业主却受限于房屋老化，户型陈旧、装修老化等，感到“出租难、收益低”。 中国城市住房租赁智库联合自如研究院发布的《观察》，对时下租客租房需求与重点城市业主出租观念进行了调研。调研显示，选择整租、“多一间房”、要求配备智能家居等成为租客主流需求。除常规的卧室、客厅之外，越来越多租客倾向增加单独区域或空间，用来作为娱乐、办公或者储藏空间。这说明“居住体验因素”影响力加强。  从调研的10个主要城市来看，租房市场的房源多以老房为主。 中国城市住房租赁智库联合自如研究院供图面对需求不断升级的租客，近年来城市业主开始面临多重出租难题。长期空置、房子持续“出问题”、租金收益不及预期等是令业主头疼的问题。调研团队方面当日对记者表示，房屋品质不足、生活服务缺失、合规性挑战等问题是导致出租不理想的部分原因。其实，这些也是业主个人自行打理的闲置房屋普遍存在的问题。 据介绍，从调研的10个主要城市来看，租房市场的房源多以老房为主：其中，北京、上海、深圳、广州出租房源的平均房龄超过22年，而目前装修合理使用年限在10到15年，老龄化房源存在一定的户型陈旧、装修老化等问题；成都、武汉、杭州等新一线城市的出租房源虽然“年轻”些，但平均房龄也在12年左右，因为出租房房源在新城区、卫星城区数量占比高，毛坯房、简装房较为常见。 调研显示，在租房需求、出租难点快速变化的影响之下，城市业主们的出租观念也在悄然发生着变化。 数据显示，目前有超过六成的业主认可“追求年度总收益＞追求单月高租金”“出租率稳定最重要”“出租前可以在装修上适当投入”“可选择专业长租机构出租”等观点，有超过四成业主表示会将“能否提供明确的租金收益规划”和“能否提供保底收益”作为重要的委托决策标准。 调研团队方面认为，专业长租机构或成为弥合城市租住群体不断提升的品质需求，与个人业主条件有限的房屋供给间的重要“联结器”。有分析显示，春节后的租房市场或将迎来一轮大幅回升，进入春夏季之后，白领及高校毕业生群体将会助推形成一波需求浪潮。调研团队方面认为，个人业主也需要对自身房源的市场竞争力有理性认知，在租住需求爆发期到来之前，通过机构托管、装配升级等方式，提升房屋出租价值，为实现长期稳定出租、综合收益提升打下基础，也以此提升闲置房屋的供给价值，为新市民幸福安居贡献力量。(完)
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